Scaling and root planing is a non-surgical procedure used to treat gum disease by removing plaque, tartar, and bacteria below the gumline. This deep cleaning also smooths the tooth roots to promote gum healing and reduce pocket depths. It helps prevent periodontal disease from progressing and improves oral health. The procedure may require multiple sessions, depending on the severity, and is usually performed with local anesthesia for comfort. Afterward, regular cleanings and good oral hygiene are essential to maintain the results.